几个查看liunx系统的方法。优先使用lsb_release。
lsb_release
The lsb_release command displays LSB (Linux Standard Base) information about your specific Linux distribution, including version number, release codename, and distributor ID.
所有linux发行版都适用，但是要安装对应的lsb模块。
centos:
[root@host143 ~]# yum install -y redhat-lsb-core
[root@host143 ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
Release: 7.5.1804
Codename: Core
ubuntu:
ubuntu@VM-0-2-ubuntu:~$ apt-get install lsb-core
ubuntu@VM-0-2-ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -a
LSB Version: core-9.20170808ubuntu1-noarch:security-9.20170808ubuntu1-noarch
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic
uname
能看到内核版本。
# ubuntu
ubuntu@VM-0-2-ubuntu:~$ uname -a
Linux VM-0-2-ubuntu 4.15.0-66-generic #75-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 1 05:24:09 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
/proc/version
能够看到内核版本，不一定能够看到os version。
# ubuntu
ubuntu@VM-0-2-ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 4.15.0-66-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-044) (gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)) #75-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 1 05:24:09 UTC 2019
# centos
[root@host143 ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018
/etc/issue
/etc/issue文件是Linux系统开机启动时在命令行界面弹出的欢迎语句文件
# 可能看到os version
ubuntu@VM-0-2-ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS \n \l
centos & redhat专属方式
# centos
[root@host143 ~]# rpm -q centos-release
centos-release-7-5.1804.el7.centos.x86_64
# redhat
# rpm -q redhat-release
[root@host143 ~]# cat /etc/system-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)